Urine
contains many dissolved minerals and salts, but when these levels rise, then it
can form stones. Some stones stay in the kidneys but do not cause any severe
problems. When these stones travel down to the urethra, then it may be
responsible for the severe pain. Usually, kidney patients are advised to drink
more fluid because it can help in removing kidney stones from the bladder
naturally from urine. If the stone reaches the bladder, then it can be passed
out of the body in urine.
What
are Kidney Stones made of?
Kidney
stones are made from different chemicals and may form due to several reasons.
The different types of kidney stones are:
- Calcium stones – It is the most common
kidney stone, and it affects approximately 80 percent of kidney stone patients.
Two types of calcium stones present inside the urinary tract: calcium oxalate
and calcium phosphate. Some people have too much calcium in the urine that is
responsible for raising the risk of having calcium stones.
- Uric acid stones – Uric acid is the
waste product that may produce from the chemical changes in the body. Usually,
the uric acid crystal does not dissolve well in the urine and forms a uric acid
stone. Uric acid forms due to overweight, chronic diarrhea, type 2 diabetes,
and gout. Normally, 5-10 percent of the kidney stone patient experiences this
disorder.
- Struvite/infection stones – It is the least
common type of stone that is related to chronic urinary tract infections
(UTIs). Some bacteria make the urine more basic or alkaline than acidic. These
stones are often large and can grow very faster. People who are encountering
any sort of chronic UTIs or facing any neurologic disorder like paralysis,
multiple sclerosis, and spina bifida are a greater risk of developing these
stones.
- Cystine stones – It is so rare
stone that only 1% of the kidney stones patients have these stones. Cystine is
an amino acid that is present inside some certain food items. It occurs when
the kidneys do not reabsorb Cystine from the urine. These types of stone often
start to form in childhood.
Kidney
stones cause
There are multiple reasons for having kidney stones, but most commonly
it depends upon consuming habits of the individual. For the better kidney stones treatment, everyone
has to be aware of the causes of this disorder that are as follows:
- Lack of Water – The body needs to make
enough urine to dilute the chemicals that can turn in stones in a further
period. Low fluid consumption may lead to the failure of the kidneys.
- Diet – Diet is also responsible
for the formation of a stone. One of the more common causes of developing
kidney stones is the presence of high levels of calcium in the urine. These can
be increased due to the consumption of high calcium food items. But during the
treatment, kidney patients are advised not to consume food items rich in
calcium that may affect the bone’s health and also increases the risk of
developing other types of stone.
- Bowel Conditions – Certain conditions like
chronic diarrhea or surgeries can increases the risk of forming calcium oxalate
kidney stones.
- Obesity – Obesity is one of the significant
risk factors for having a kidney stone. It may change the acidic levels in the
urine that may lead to the formation of the kidney's stone.
- Medical conditions – There are some
medical conditions in which there is a risk of developing a kidney stone. Some
medical conditions, like parathyroid glands and distal renal tubular acidosis,
may lead to the risk of developing calcium phosphate kidney stones.
- Medication – certain medicines and
calcium and vitamin C supplements may increase the risk of developing kidney stones.
If anyone is taking these medicines or supplements for a long time, then they
should consult the doctor immediately.
- Family history – The chance of having
kidney stones increases when the patient may have a family history of the
stones.
Symptoms
of kidney stones
Generally,
kidney stones are excruciating. Some
symptoms may occur during kidney stone that is:
- Severe pain in the back, belly, or side
- Feeling of pain or burning during urination
- More urge to go for urine
- The occurrence of blood in the urine
- The foul smell of urine
- Cloudy urine
- Nausea and vomiting
- Fever and chills
There
are no specific symptoms of kidney stones in females. Symptoms
remain the same irrespective of gender.
Kidney
stones treatment
Most
of the kidney stones will pass on their own without any specific treatment, but
the larger stones may need a procedure to break up or removal of the stone.
Certain
medicines can help in removing the stone from the body. In some cases, the
patient may need pain or anti-nausea medicines while passing the kidney stone.
If the medicines are not able to eliminate the stones, then you are suggested
to go for the surgery. But surgery and allopathic pills are not sufficient
enough to remove the kidney stones from the body without any risk.
When
these stones stay in the body for a prolonged time, then it may also lead to
other kidneys disorder. Therefore, you may need to go for the kidney
stones treatment that can heal the kidneys without any risk.
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